Somali is the second-largest region in Ethiopia after Oromia region. Somali shares borders with Afar region, Oromia region, and Dire Dawa city to the west. Djibouti lies to the region’s north, the de facto state Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia from east to south, and Kenya to the southwest. While Somali region is predominantly inhabited by the Somali ethnic group, it is ethnically heterogeneous. 

The Somalis in Ethiopia have social and political links with other ethnic Somalis in the neighboring countries; in Somali culture, clan links are the most important social and political unit of organization. According to the last official census conducted by the federal government in 2007, the Somali ethnic group was the third-largest ethnic group in the country. By April 2022, it was estimated that the population in Somali region was around 6 million.

The capital city of Somali region is Jigjiga. The region is divided into nine administrative zones  Shinile, Jigjiga, Degehabur, Warder, Korahe, Fik, Gode, Afder, and Liben and 53 kebeles.